礼貌原则的文化局限性与外语教学——以《红楼梦》对话片段为例

用利奇（Geoffrey Leech）礼貌原则分析《红楼梦》对话。分析发现,该礼貌原则具有文化局限性。在利用该原则分析中国文学作品中的对话时,应结合中国文化的特点进行分析。在外语教学中,应将文化背景融入其中。     

Empirical Study on the Impact on China＇ s Intellectual Property Creation caused by Capital Investment and Open Economy

知识产权创造是知识产权战略的核心,是自主创新的关键,是推动经济转型升级的重要着力点。基于2000～2009年的省际数据,运用面板数据单位根检验、格兰杰检验、协整检验、混合效应模型对全国及东、中、西部的资本投入、进口贸易和外商直接投资对知识产权创造的影响进行了实证分析,结果表明资本投入、开放经济对知识产权创造具有显著的正效应,但存在地区差异。     

“Going global” and FDI inflows in China: “One Belt & One Road” initiative as a quasi‐natural experiment

This paper investigates the impact of “One Belt & One Road” as an exogenous policy shock on the utilisation of foreign capital in China in the short term. Based on provincial panel data for the years 2003–15, the empirical study is conducted with difference‐in‐differences design. The first difference is whether a province is an OBOR province, and the second is whether “One Belt & One Road” initiative has been proposed. The empirical results suggest the utilisation of foreign capital in OBOR provinces has decreased significantly compared to non‐OBOR provinces after the initiative has been proposed. The study has further shown that the OBOR construction not only means factor movements and projects but also stands for policy shock. Its impact on utilisation of foreign capital cannot be simply captured by the commonly quantifiable “going global” indicators, namely outward direct investment, overseas contracted projects or overseas labour services. The negative impact of the initiative on foreign capital utilisation is strongly reflected in the OBOR provinces with low levels of economic development, heavy fiscal burdens and high proportions of state‐owned economy. In the short term, the negative impact of the initiative on foreign capital utilisation may be due to its role in resource competition and signal delivering. The former means that the OBOR initiative may induce resource competition between “going global” and “bringing in,” and the latter suggests that this initiative is likely to be regarded as a “signal” by foreign investors that “going global,” not “bringing in,” has become the priority of the government.     

Globalization and female labor force participation: The role of trading partners

This paper uses industrial level data from 21 developing and emerging economies over the period of 1995–2013, to analyze the impact of globalization, in particular, trade orientation of industries onto female employment share. The fractional probit estimation reveals that taking cumulative measures of export and import share often camouflages the impact of trade on female employment. The disintegration of export and import share according to their trading partners reveals that exports and imports from the developed world alone contribute to higher female employment. Moreover, it is the low-tech exports to developed countries and high-tech imports from developed countries which results in an increase in female employment. These findings call for the strengthening of trade ties with the developed world, especially when it comes to promoting low-tech exports and high-tech imports. Our results also reveal that the trading links with the developed world can further enhance female employment if developing country possesses a greater pool of educated female labor force.     

外资企业控股权的政治经济学分析:以中国为例

从政治经济学公共品供给的角度对我国合资项目的控股问题进行了分析,认为中方对外资企业控股的主要目的是为了获得外资技术等的溢出效应,政府引资行为类似于一种能产生溢出效应的公共产品供给。由于引资决策者和公众相比存在偏好差异,随着引资决策集中程度的提高,政府主观公共品租金的增加会导致过度引资现象。在政府合资的非利润动机下,外国投资者最大程度地抽取合资企业的利润,使得合资企业的利润为零。本文还结合一个外资市场进入博弈讨论了中方控股的条件,认为中方控股会在一定程度上使合资企业的生产效率下降,我国低价格的人力资本区位优势和良好的投资环境则能缓解中方控股带来的效率损耗,使得中方控股成为可能。     

中国东部、中部和西部外贸依存度比较分析

对外贸易规模、结构及其在经济增长中的作用是衡量一国或地区对外贸易发展水平的主要指标.比较东部、中部、西部对外贸易发展状况后可以发现:东部对外贸易依存度在中国三大区域中位居前列,且有较快的增长速度;中部与西部的差距不明显;中国的高外贸依存度主要是受东部省(市)高外贸依存度的拉动.     

我国外贸企业跨境电子商务的应用分析

主要采用因子分析法对商务部调查问卷收集到的数据进行分析。结果表明,在我国大部分企业偏向于采用第三方平台来进行跨境电子商务交易。影响跨境电子商务使用第三方平台效果的因子依次为:网络营销因子、国际支付条件因子、电子通关因子、法律规范因子、国际物流。分析结果也显示:我国外贸企业对网络营销的使用还停留在初级阶段,电子支付、通关、物流都存在很多问题,并且我国对跨境电子商务还缺乏系统的法律法规。针对研究结果,文章从外贸企业、政府两个角度分别提出可行的建议措施。     

吉林省对外贸易依存度探析

对外贸易依存度反映一国或一地区对国际市场的依赖程度,是衡量该国或该地区对外开放程度的重要指标。随着中国加入世界贸易组织,经济日益融入全球经济格局中,对外贸易成为吉林省加速发展不可缺少的驱动力量。吉林省从2003年以来经济大幅度增长,与世界经济接轨的步伐也日益加快。吉林省经济若要获得深度发展,必须摆脱内向型经济的制约,进一步从深度和广度方面推动对外开放与经济外向度的发展,促进经济发展潜力的释放和发挥。     

外汇占款对我国通货膨胀影响的实证分析

近几年来我国长期国际收支顺差导致外汇占款不断增加,本文通过实证分析外汇占款对我国通货膨胀的影响程度。基于VAR模型及格兰杰检验,选取2003年1月到2012年6月的月度相关经济数据分析外汇占款、货币供应量对通货膨胀的影响,发现外汇占款和货币供应量对通货膨胀具有一定的滞后性,但具有较显著影响,但二者均小于物价指数对通货膨胀的影响度,而且货币供应量要比外汇占款对通货膨胀的影响滞后大约一年。使用格兰杰检验验证外汇占款不是通货膨胀的直接原因,而是外汇占款增加引起货币供应量增加,而货币供应量增加引起了通货膨胀水平的提高。外汇占款与通货膨胀具有长期稳定的均衡关系。该结论对于通过管理外汇占款控制通货膨胀水平具有较重要的学术价值和现实意义。